Exploring the Theme of Love in Sonnets 57 and 58 Essay -- Shakespeare’

Shakespeares sonnets are numbered in a sequential order and neighboring(a) sonnets often have similar content. Throughout Shakespeares sonnets, he covers m each subjects, such as interest in the life of a young man, his honey for a young man, and his cheat for a dark haired woman. In sonnets 57 and 58, Shakespeare discusses how tell apart is like slavery in its polar manifestations. The object of the narrators love has a dominating power over the narrator, which controls him and guides his actions. Shakespeare shows in sonnets 57 and 58 that love can be displayed by using many different routes such as viewing love as a controlling force, exploring the theme of time and waiting in regards to love, and the question of the physical state of creation of love. Throughout both sonnets there is a sense that the narrator has resigned himself to the slavery of love. In sonnet 57, the narrator asserts in the first two lines that all he (we will assume the narrator is a he) can do is wait until the lover needs something. This blind devotion to the lover seems to come without any reservations on behalf of the narrator and seems to be a natural inclination to give of ones self whole-heartedly and unconditionally (unconditional love). In sonnet 58, line 13, though waiting so be hell shows the pain that the narrator is going through while he is waiting on the lover. In sonnet 58, line five, let me suffer, being at your beck again constitutes this devotion of the narrator to the recipient of the love without any reservations. The narrator is willingly accepting suffering, hell, and sadness, as seen in the phrase sad slave (sonnet 57, line 11), in order to be a slave to love. This devotion to loving servitude is admirable and the bond formed... ... that love thinks no ill. Shakespeare uses many different methods of discourse to examine this theme of love. In both sonnets the lover is exerting his control over the narrator, but the narrator does not sincerely mind being controlled in either sonnet. Both sonnets include many elements and references to time and waiting and all of these references relate to love by showing loves long lifespan and varying strengths over time. The only major difference between the two sonnets lies in their addressing love. Sonnet 57 talks forthwith to it in a personifying manner, whereas sonnet 58 merely refers to it through other means. Through this variety of explorations of the theme of love, Shakespeare shows that love has many faces and ways of expressing itself. Works CitedMcCurry, Justin. absence Makes the Heart Grow Fonder Shakespeares Sonnets 57 and 58.

Move Aside Fat and Say Hello to Healthy Solutions Essay -- Health, Nut

A scholarly persons stomach growls, and what is to come for luncheon is immediately thought of. Will it be the overcooked, dried out pizza pockets, or the cracked, gooey bean burritos? When the student thinks about their empty stomach, filling it with fix food simply warmed up is anything but satisfying. So, what can be done to fill the empty stomach? The unthinkable eating a aim lunch. Simply entering the school cafeteria is daring enough, but now having to eat the food? How outrageous this seems. The student has given the secretary their lunch number and future(a) has picked out a clean tray. Along with this, a choice of milk of has been selected and then the mound of slump has been placed on their tray. If this is not daring enough, the student subsequently picks up the burger and is immediately shocked the student realizes he is no longer hungry, and proceeds to dump the tray. What seems to be the problem here? School lunches should be appetizing, yet nutritious, r ight? Do not all schools pursue the food guide pyramid? The answer is no, they do not. Nanci Hellmich brings this to attention, For many years, school meals have been criticized for their high-fat, as well processed foods and not enough nutrient-rich f atomic number 18 (2). Does having an unsound school lunch have an effect on childhood obesity? The answer is yes. Michelle Obama has a running game called Lets Move which, stresses the importance of healthy school meals because many children consume at least half of their daily calories at school ( dickie 1). Although schools are not expected to solve the childhood obesity problem, it still is a major factor (Paulson 2). Not only do students need a nutritional meal to keep them healthy, but also to help them stay ... ... or pizza pockets can now be switched with freshly grilled hamburgers from local cattle. Dickey reports the reason school lunches are stressed to be healthy is because, many children consume at least half of their daily calories at school (1). With an change magnitude obesity rate in America, a healthy school lunch should be a necessity. Increasing vegetables and fruits in meals, having farmers connect with schools, and making a healthy meal play issued by the USDA and the students are all solutions to fix the unhealthy, yet unlikable school lunches. The best solution to getting healthier, more likeable school lunches is getting chefs to help out with meals. Thus the healthy meals are being prepared with a delicate, artistic look. In the midst of having a realm with high obesity rates, students should always be able to reckon on getting a healthy school lunch.

The World of Writing According to Email :: Internet Technology e-mail Essays

The World of Writing According to EmailThe world is an ever ever-changing place, and with the advancement of cyber culture technology, many times we are confront with new ideas and ways of life that we never dreamed would be possible. With these changes, we are also faced with the making own(prenominal) decisions of whether we believe these new ways have helped or harmed the world of writing. I remember the moment e-mail entered my life. It was a week by and by my family had dropped my older brother, the first born, off to his freshman year at Bowling Green State Univer baby-sity. Within that first week of having to adjust to setting superstar less plate at the dinner table, we quickly realized how fast we would become financially broke due to high phone bills. We had heard virtually this thing called the internet, where people from all over the world could connect to and communicate via electronic mail, but not until we became aware that BGSU provided each student with her/ his own personal e-mail address were we interested. That was the moment. My dad quickly looked into it and before we knew it we were connected. Every day, several times a day, we would disconnect the phone line, listen to the awful dial tones, and sit five inches from the computer monitor, anxiously reading about his college experiences. As Wendy Lesser, author of essay, The Conversion, writes, And e-mail, by bringing back personal correspondence, reintroduces us to the form of writing that better(p) enables us to know and acknowledge friendship. (Tribble/Trubek 232). It soon became our link to the outside world. Not only did it keep us in touch with our beloved hard workings college student, but just as Lesser experienced, it created a doorway to other long lost friends and family members. In a way, this new e-mail thing make us feel as though the miles that separated us werent so far after all. In his essay, From Pencils to Pixels, Dennis Baron states that, The compute r, the latest development in writing technology, promises, or threatens, to change literacy practices for better or worse, depending on your point of view. (36) Cyberculture technology will never cease to change and improve, but by organism a part of this society, we have the unique opportunity to jump on board, accept the changes, and enjoy the advancements to our benefit, or sit back and watch the world caput us by.

Contemporary Rural America Captured in Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of

Contemporary Rural America Captured in rive Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow Most Americans probably view our times argon different from Washington Irvings era. After all, almost 200 years have passed, and the differences in technology and civil liberties alone are huge. However, these dissimilarities seem merely surface ones. When reading Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, I find that the world Irving creates in each point is very familiar to the one in which I grew up. The players may have changed, and institutions have mostly replaced roles traditionally taken on by people, but the boilersuit pieces still fit the rural lifestyle of contemporary America. Perhaps the biggest variation from life in these stories and life today in the small town concerns the role of the Van Tassels. As the prominent family in Sleepy Hollow, they serve as the social center. Baltus Van Tassel has more the air of an English country squire during incre ase time than he does an American farmer. He is hearty, down to earth, and full of largesse (Sleepy Hollow 549, 556-557). The quilting frolic (553) is really a potluck dance. This type of familiarity gathering continued throughout American history in rural areas. We have barn-raisings, fall festivals, holiday celebrations. However, the nature of the gatherings has changed in that the role of the prominent family in a flash goes to the city or civic groups (such as a church). Rural America still has wealthy families and farmers, but rarely do they open their homes to the community for dance and potlucks. The closest we still see of this is the ranch barbeque, but the outside nature makes it far less intimate. In my experience, these events are... ...ture of King George in Rip Van Winkle. Rip returns to his village twenty years after he left and realizes that someone has transformed the King into George Washington (541). Irving, realizing that much of life is merely a refas hioning of the aforementioned(prenominal) ideas and structures into something that looks new, has taken an old German folk tale and turned it into a story of American life. We may live in a time with immensely different resources, technologies, and opportunities, but the urges that drive us are still the same. Works CitedIrving, Washington. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. The American Tradition in Literature. Vol 1. Eds. George Perkins, et al. 7th ed. New York McGraw-Hill, 1990 544-563. 2 vols.---. Rip Van Winkle. The American Tradition in Literature. Vol 1. Eds. George Perkins, et al. 7th ed. New York McGraw-Hill, 1990 533-544. 2 vols.

Soliloquies Essay - Claudius Soliloquy in Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Claudius Soliloquy in Hamlet Claudius soliloquy ab out(p) his remorse over his murder of Hamlets father is measurable to the play because its the one place where we learn how Claudius feels about what he has done. The rest of the play is all about how Hamlet feels about what Claudius has done, and I think it rounds out the play to get it from a different perspective. From the soliloquy I can see that Claudius feels sorry for the murder, but not sorry enough. He says, Oh, my offense is rank, it smells to heaven. He wants to pray for forgiveness of his offense, but laments, Pray can I not, because I am still possessed of those effects for which I did the murder - My cr own, mine own ambition, and my queen. He murdered Hamlets father in order to get those things and he is not automatic to give them up. He realizes that true repentance would be willing to give then up, and therefore, he is not real repentant. This is why at the end of his prayer, he says Words without thoughts never to heaven go. Theres no point in saying he is sorry because God knows he doesnt really mean it. So, the best he can do is pray that God will pull in him sorry, by pleading, Heart with strings of steel, be as soft as the sinews of a new-born babe. All of this shows that Claudius is introspective and honest with himself. It also does contradictory things to my opinion of him. Depending on how I look at it, this prayer can make me feel sympathetic towards Claudius as I learn about the inner torture he is going through and how awful he feels about killing Hamlets father. On the other hand, it also makes me more angry with him because I realize he to the full understood how terrible what he did was, but he chose to do it anyway, and now he knows he should repent, but refuses to. As terrible as his guilty feelings are, they patently arent bad enough to make him change. Claudius still holds out some hope for himself, though, saying All may be well. But he shows there really isnt much hope left, when, a few acts later, he plans Hamlets murder to preserve the same things he killed Hamlets father to get.

Soliloquies Essay - Claudius Soliloquy in Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Claudius Soliloquy in Hamlet Claudius soliloquy about his remorse over his murder of Hamlets sustain is important to the play because its the one place where we learn how Claudius feels about what he has done. The rest of the play is all about how Hamlet feels about what Claudius has done, and I guess it rounds out the play to get it from a different perspective. From the soliloquy I can see that Claudius feels sorry for the murder, but not sorry enough. He says, Oh, my horror is rank, it smells to heaven. He wants to pray for forgiveness of his offense, but laments, Pray can I not, because I am still possessed of those effects for which I did the murder - My crown, mine own ambition, and my queen. He murdered Hamlets father in order to get those things and he is not volitioning to give them up. He realizes that true repentance would be willing to give then up, and thitherfore, he is not really repentant. This is why at the end of his prayer, he says Words without thoughts neve r to heaven go. Theres no full point in saying he is sorry because God knows he doesnt really mean it. So, the best he can do is pray that God will make him sorry, by pleading, Heart with strings of steel, be as soft as the sinews of a new-born babe. All of this shows that Claudius is introspective and honest with himself. It also does contradictory things to my whimsey of him. Depending on how I look at it, this prayer can make me feel sympathetic towards Claudius as I learn about the inner aberration he is going through and how awful he feels about killing Hamlets father. On the other hand, it also makes me more angry with him because I realize he fully understood how terrible what he did was, but he chose to do it anyway, and now he knows he should repent, but refuses to. As terrible as his flagitious feelings are, they obviously arent bad enough to make him change. Claudius still holds out some hope for himself, though, saying All may be well. But he shows there really isn t much hope left, when, a few acts later, he plans Hamlets murder to preserve the same things he killed Hamlets father to get.

Product Design Coursework

The aim of this report is to carry out a feasibility study for the development and the even out of a novel semisynthetic fibre to be used to throw away leisure time clothing aimed at the spring and summer market, as asked by our board of directors.I will gift a report addressing the project in foothold of the Innovation Cycle for intersection development. This shall cover the definition and evaluation of the products, their form, market and manufacture in terms of the Product Innovation Major Steps, which includeNeeds What needs should the product fill?Ideas What different products could satisfy these needs?Selection What ideas are the most bright?Manufacture How can we make the product in commercial quantities?Innovation CycleProduct Innovation involves the introduction of a new good or service that is new or substantially improved from previous versions. Innovation is not just about new products, it is a whole new climax to business.The novel synthetic fibre that I will an alyse is Nylon with main uses in clothing and footwear.Nylon is a commodity chemical as it is reachd in graduate(prenominal) volumes and yields low profits and so it has a low added value. There is no large scale need for chemists and engineers in commodity chemicals.NeedsWhat needs should the product fill?The product should fill the customers needs and to find the needs of the customer, we need to do market research and ask the customers directly what they require through questionnaires or inter observes. This is known as primary research as answers are directly answered to the companies needs.Once loads of information has been collected, the customers needs micturate to be interpreted and fulfilln into consideration. This information can then be used into product specifications and therefore products are produced depending on customer needs.For example, customer needs for the manufacture of Nylon to produce leisure clothing.Essentialo Light weighto Strongo ComfortableDesirabl eo Wear resistanceo Long perdurableo Easy to washo Easy to ironUsefulo CheapSpecifying a benchmark would be one of the final stages in the needs. The new developed product must meet up to standards with either existing products or an idealised product. If this is not the case then and the benchmark cannot be achieved or surpassed, then it is not worth developing the product.IdeasWhat different products could satisfy these needs?The next step in the innovation cycle is to generate ideas. intimately of the source of ideas comes from the Development team. These people research into the product into great detail and most of the ideas are generated by the developing team. Customers. Questionnaires and interviews are analysed and a different view of ideas are produced. The interviews and questionnaires can be very important as the customers will be the ones who buy the products at the end and they may also be utilise similar or existing products. Although questionnaires can sometimes b e unreliable if not enough data is collected. Competitors. Useful data can be obtained if you as a company are selling similar products. Consultants. These are often not as useful as customers or the development team. Literature. This will have a large range of views and if researched into properly, books, patents and trade information will produce some excellent ideas.Product development teams generate ideas by brainstorming which is a group exercise and mind mapping which is usually done individually.In developing a product, it requires up to one hundred ideas to find an idea which is in truth worth going for.To reduce the amount of ideas we have to only the good ideas we have to organise ideas into specific categories which may require more brainstorming. The more ideas are organised, the more we would be able to realise if they are strengths or weaknesses in organisations.SelectionWhat ideas are the most promising?From all the ideas we have generated, we only take very few good ideas to take forwards for production. To select these few good ideas to take forward we need a Screening Criteria which would select the top hat ideas. This selection process now would require scientific and engineering judgement. These areo Safety Make sure that the product (nylon) would be safe to produce and wear.o Low environmental impact Make sure that nylon produced clothes and any by-products are not dangerous to the environmento Low toll Make sure that the method of producing nylon is the cheapest with the highest return for moneyo Minimum risk Make the manufacture of nylon economically feasibleo Engineering readiness Make the manufacture of nylon technically feasible later the screening process and choosing the best ideas, we now need to do a risk assessment. This will chance on and catalogue all risks of producing the product (nylon). Eliminating the risk will be the most important thing and then we can compare quantitatively the terms of the speak to and time. Risk management also need to be put in place as to reduce risks or possible risks before proceeding, or evaluate the risk and proceeding. This decision is based entirely upon management and the best option will be chosen for the organisation at that time.ManufactureHow can we make the product in commercial quantities?At this stage we are now ready to decide how to produce the product. We have the chemical product we need to manufacture we have identified customer needs and generated enough ideas to fill this need.When considering the manufacturing process we need to take into accounto Raw materialso Demand for confero Time taken for product to reach the marketo Size of planto Labouro Operating and capital cost of plantAfter the manufacturing costs of the product (nylon clothes), we need to consider the packaging. This should beo Attractiveo Waterproof to prevent water ruining the nylonAfter the packaging, we can finally sell the product. To get the product out onto the market we c ouldo Advertise in clothes shopso Advertise on TVAfter advertising, the product would have reached out to a far reaching population.

Indirect vs. Direct Presentation Essay

The Destructors, by Graham Greene, both in cypher and direct presentation is implemented to pull up stakes a multidimensional portrayal of the characters in the story. This device is effective because each type of presentation provides the reader with a distinguishable perspective into each character. The creator presents the characters directly by telling the reader details about the characters and presents the characters indirectly by showing the reader. Direct presentation permits for more of a complete intellectual of the characters while indirect presentation forces the reader to make inferences based on dialogue and occurrences throughout the story.Direct presentation is effective especially in the lineage of a short story because the reader have gots a primary and absolute insight into each characters emotions, which will in turn allow them to interpret actions and developments later on in the story. Mikes young age, and childish navet is immediately exposed when Greene directly presents him as nine and surprised by everything (111). Mikes character is cl early(a) defined with little left for the reader to interpret. The author can best express his finding through this type of presentation.Greene uses direct presentation when he introduces major members of the mob such as Blackie, Trevor, and Mike. Greene chance upons Blackies acceptance of his class standing as he describes Blackies reservations with Trevors plan. He was just, he had no jealousy, he was anxious to retain T. in the gang if he could. It was the word beautiful that worried him that belonged to a class world that you could still see parodied at the Wormsley Common Empire by a man wearing a top hat and a monocle, with a haw-haw accent (114). In this illustration, direct presentation is quite effective because Greene reveals that Blackie is not a resentful character this is a truth that would be very difficult for a reader to infer.Old wretchedness is also presented directly. Gree ne provides direct insight into Old Misery as he describes his background early in the story. Old Misery-whose real name was Thomas-had once been a builder and decorator. He lived alone in the crippled rear, doing for himself (112). This saves theauthor from having to digress from the plot in order to indirectly characterize Old Misery, which would in essence detract from the true purpose of the story.Indirect presentation is used throughout the story to reveal subtleties and more importantly, to accentuate the storys many paradoxes. Greenes usage of indirect presentation in exposing these truths adds to the profundity of the story.Greene cleverly shows Blackies insecurity when Blackie attempts to stave off Trevors plan of destroying Old Miserys house as he feebly states, there wouldnt be time, Ive seen housebreakers at work. no(prenominal) of us know how (115). When Trevor taunts him and his leadership position seems compromised Blackie uneasily says, its proposed that tomorrow and Monday we destroy Old Miserys house (115). Greene uses the word uneasily to indirectly present Blackies insecurity and to distinguish him from his malevolent foil, Trevor.Blackies foil, Trevor, also known by the gang as T., is a very bitter character. Greene uses direct presentation to illustrate the many paradoxes surrounding him. T.s attitude towards Old Misery is quite paradoxical. On the one hand, he sets about destroying his house, treating him disrespectfully, and regarding him with suspicion. At the alike time, however, T. expresses that he does not hate Old Misery when he says, of course I striket hate him. Thered be no fun if I hated him (118). Although his destructive behavior is not personal, the consequences are tremendous for Old Misery, but T. is unable to consider such consequences. Another instance of indirect presentation is when T. takes Mr. Thomass seventy one-pound notes, but not for personal gain.Instead, he and Blackie take each pound note and light the t op corner, so that the flame burns slowly towards their fingers (118). Essentially, T. takes items that are inherently valuable, but he has no interest in making use of that value. T.s attitude toward Old Miserys house is paradoxical as well. T. said, Its a beautiful house, as he still watched the ground meeting no ones eyes (114). Green shows T.s distaste for wealth and for the upper classwhen he notes Ts lack of eye contact with the gang. He knows the house is beautiful, but his feelings about beauty, especially as they relate to social classes makes it easy for him to destroy it anyway.The Wormsley Common Gang is presented indirectly as a whole. Greene presents the gang indirectly rather than directly for the sole reason that the gang often thinks as a whole but is ultimately made up of many different members. This is shown when Mr. Thomas attempts to reach out to the boys and give them chocolates. Many members chime in their opinions on Mr. Thomas motives however, Blackie, their leader at the time, picks the reasoning that most suits him. Well show him we dont take bribes (113). They sacrificed the whole morning to the game of bouncing that only Mike was young enough to enjoy (113). Even though none of the gang enjoyed the activity except for Mike they participated anyways. This instance indirectly reveals the insecurity of each individual gang member. Though the gang stands by the decision, none of its members even get enjoyment out of it.The gangs judgmental tendencies and fickly characteristics are shown through the power struggle for leadership between Blackie and T. For the initiatory time since T. had strolled into the carpark on the first day of the holidays his position was in dancer. It only inquire a single use of his real name and the gang would be at his heels (114). The fact that Trevor feels the need to go by T. when he is with the gang reveals his own insecurity as well as the judgmental qualities of the gang. Just a few days previous Blac kie had been the leader of the gang however now they paid no more attention to him than to a stranger (115). Blackie was dimly aware of the fickleness of favor (115).Especially in short stories, presentation is essential. Greene does an excellent job as he masterfully uses both direct and indirect presentation to convey his message in The Destructors. He immediately develops the main characters through direct presentation. This way, the readers have a predisposition about each character therefore making the eventual character hawk more dramatic. He uses indirect presentation to describe the gang and to reveal the subtleties and paradoxes within the story. The Destructorsis an effective literary work because of its multidimensional qualities enabled by Greens brilliant control of presentation.Work CitedThe Destructors by Graham Greene

Spirit Bound Chapter Fourteen

THE LAST TIME TATIANA HAD wanted to yell at me, shed simply taken me to one of her private sitting rooms. It had make for a weird atmosphere, like we were at teatimeexcept people didnt usually scream at other people during teatime. I had no rationalness to believe this would be any different until I noticed my escort was jumper cable me to the main business buildings of the Court, the consecrates where all royal governing was conducted. Shit. This was more serious than Id thought.And indeed, when I was at long pass away ushered into the room where Tatiana waited tumesce, I uprisely came to a standstill and couldnt enter. Only a s luminosity touch on my spinal column from one of the withstanders with me kept me moving away. The place was packed.I didnt know for sure which room I was in. The Moroi rattling kept a bona fide throne room for their fag or queen, but I didnt animadvert this was it. This room was still heavily decorated, conveying an old-world royal feel, wit h painstakingly carved floral molding and shining gold understructuredleholders on the walls. on that point were rattling lit candles in them too. Their light reflected off the metallic decorations in the room. E verything glittered, and I felt like Id stumbled into a stage production.And really, I might as well have. Because after a flashs surveying, I complete where I was. The people in the room were split. Twelve of them sit at a long table on a dais at what was clearly meant to be the focal point of the room. Tatiana herself sit d protest at the middle of the table, with six Moroi on one side and quintuple Moroi on the other. The other side of the room was simply set with rows of chairsstill elaborate and padded with satin cushionswhich were to a fault filled with Moroi. The audience.The people sitting on any side of Tatiana were the tip-off. They were older Moroi, but ones who carried a regal air. El crimson Moroi for the eleven acting royal families. Lissa was not eigh teenthough she was roughly to be, I realized with a startand therefore had no spot tho. Someone was sitting in for Priscilla Voda. I was bearinging at the Council, the princes and princesses of the Moroi world. The oldest member of all(prenominal) family claimed the royal agnomen and an advisory spot beside Tatiana. Sometimes the eldest waived the spot and gave it to manyone the family felt was more capable, but the selectee was almost forever and a day at least forty-five. The Council elected the Moroi king or queen, a position held until death or retirement. In rare circumstances, with enough backing from the royal families, a monarch could be forcibly removed(p) from office.Each prince or princess on the Council was in turn advised by a family council, and glancing back at the audience, I recognized clusters of family members sitting to fascinateher Ivashkovs, Lazars, Badicas The very back rows appeared to be observers. Tasha and Adrian sat to fixateher, and I knew for a fact they werent members of the Royal Council or family councils. Still, seeing them set me at ease a little.I remained near the entrance to the room, shifting uneasily from foot to foot, wondering what was in store. I hadnt unless earned public humiliation Id apparently earned it in movement of the most important Moroi in the world. Wonderful.A gangly Moroi with patchy white hair stepped forward, around the side of the long table, and cleared his throat. Immediately, the hum of conversation died. privateness filled the room.This session of the Moroi Royal Council is now in order, he declared. Her Royal Majesty, Tatiana Marina Ivashkov, is presiding. He gave a slight bow in her direction and then discretely plunk for off to the side of the room, standing near few guardians who lined the walls like decorations themselves.Tatiana always dressed up at the parties I saw her at, but for a formal event like this, she was really channeling the queen look. Her dress was long-sleeved na vy silk, and a glittering crown of blue and white stones sat atop her intricately braided hair. In a beauty pageant, I would have written such gems off as rhinestones. On her, I didnt question for a moment that they were real sapphires and diamonds.Thank you, she say. She was also using her royal function, resonant and impressive, filling the room. We give be continuing our conversation from yesterday.Wait what? Theyd been discussing me yesterday too? I noticed then that Id wrapped my arms around myself in a salmagundi of protecting(prenominal) stance and immediately dropped them. I didnt want to look weak, no matter what they had in store for me.Today we will be hearing testimony from a newly made guardian. Tatianas sharp gaze fell on me. The whole rooms did. Rosemarie Hathaway, will you please come forward?I did, keeping my head high and posture confident. I didnt exactly know where to stand, so I picked the middle of the room, directly facing Tatiana. If I was termination t o be paraded in public, I wished roughone would have tipped me off to wear guardian dismal and white. Whatever. Id show no fear, even in jeans and a T-shirt. I gave a small, proper bow and then met her eye directly, bracing for what was to come.Will you please area your name? she looked.Shed already done it for me, but I still said, Rosemarie Hathaway.How old are you?Eighteen?And how long have you been eighteen?A few months.She waited a couple moments to let it sink in, as though this were important information. Miss Hathaway, we understand that around that time, you withdrew from St. Vladimirs Academy. Is this correct?Thats what this was almost? Not the Vegas trip with Lissa?Yes. I offered no more info. Oh God. I hoped she didnt get into Dimitri. She shouldnt have known ab bulge(p) my relationship with him, but there was no telling what information could spread around here.You went to Russia to bunk Strigoi.Yes.As a type of personal revenge following the attack at St. Vladim ir s?Er yes.No one said anything, but my solution definitely caused a stir in the room. People shifted uneasily and glanced at their neighbors. Strigoi always inspired fear, and someone actively seek them turn up was still an curious concept among us. Oddly, Tatiana seemed very pleased by this confirmation. Was it going to be used as more ammunition against me?We would assume then, she continued, that you are one of those who believe in direct strikes against the Strigoi?Yes.Many had different reactions to the terrible attack at St. Vladimirs, she said. You arent the only dhampir who wanted to strike back against the Strigoithough you were certainly the youngest.I hadnt known ab erupt others going on vigilante spreeswell, aside from some reckless dhampirs in Russia. If that was the story about my trip she was willing to believe, that was fine with me.We have reports from both guardians and Alchemists in Russia that you were successful. This was the first time Id perceive the Al chemists mentioned in public, but of course theyd be a common emergence among the Council. ass you tell me how many you killed?I I stared in surprise. Im not sure, Your Majesty. At least I racked my brain. Seven. It might have been more. She thought so too.That might be a modest estimate compared to what our sources say, she far-famed grandly. Nonetheless, still an impressive number. Did you perform the kills by yourself?Sometimes I did. Sometimes I had help. in that respect were some other dhampirs I traveled with once in a while. Technically, Id had Strigoi help as well, but I wasnt going to mention that.They were keep mum to your age?Yes.Tatiana said no more, and as though receiving a cue, a woman beside her spoke up. I believed she was the Conta princess.When did you kill your first Strigoi?I frowned. Last December.And you were seventeen?Yes.Did you perform that kill yourself?Well mostly. A couple friends helped with distraction. I hoped they werent going to raise for mo re details. My first kill had occurred when Mason had died, and aside from the events surrounding Dimitri, that memory tormented me the most. save Princess Conta didnt want too many other details. She and the otherswho soon join in the questioningmostly wanted to know about my kills. They were slightly interested in knowing when other dhampirs had helped mebut didnt want to go into when Id had Moroi help. They also glossed over my disciplinary record, which I found baffling. The rest of my academic details were mentionedmy exceptional combat grades, how Id been one of the best when Lissa and I had run away our second-year year and how quickly Id made up for lost time to become top in my class again (at least as far as fighting went). They blathered also about how Id protected Lissa whenever we were out in the world alone and finally concluded with my exceptional trial scores.Thank you, Guardian Hathaway. You may leave.Tatianas dismissive voice left no room for interrogation. Sh e wanted me out of there. I was only too eager to comply, giving another bow, and then run out. I cast a quick glance at Tasha and Adrian as I did, and the queens voice rang out as I cleared the door, That concludes our session today. We will convene again tomorrow.I wasnt surprised when Adrian caught up with me a few minutes later. Hans hadnt ordered me to come back and work after the session, so I had decided to read that as freedom.Okay, I said, slipping my hand into Adrians. Enlighten me with your royal political wisdom. What was that all about?No clue. Im the last person to request about political stuff, he said. I dont even go to those things, but Tasha found me at the last minute and said to come with her. I slam she got a tip-off youd be therebut she was just as confused.Neither of us had said anything, but I realized I was leading him toward one of the buildings that housed commercerestaurants, shops, etc. I was starving all of a sudden.I got the impression this was part of something theyd already been talking aboutshe mentioned their last session.It was closed. want tomorrows. No one knows what theyre discussing.Then why make this one public? It didnt seem fair that the queen and Council could pick and choose what they shared with others. Everything should have been public.He frowned. Probably because theyre going to hold a suffrage soon, and thatll be public. If your testimony plays some role, then the Council may want to make sure other Moroi witnessed itso that everyone understands the decision when it comes. He paused. But what do I know? Im no politician.Makes it sound like its already decided, I grumbled. Why have a vote at all? And why would I have anything to do with government?He opened the door to a small cafe that sold light lunch foodburgers and sandwiches. Adrian had been raised with fancy restaurants and gourmet food. I think he preferred that, but he also knew I didnt like always being on display or being reminded that I was with a royal from an elite family. I appreciated that hed known Id just want something habitual today.Nonetheless, our being together earned us a few curious glances and whispers from the diners patrons. At the school, wed been a source of speculation, but here at Court? We were a main-stage attraction. Images were important at Court, and most dhampir-Moroi relationships were carried out in secret. Us being so openespecially considering Adrians connectionswas scandalous and shocking, and people werent always discreet with their reactions. Id heard all sorts of things since returning to Court. One woman had called me shameless. Another had speculated aloud why Tatiana hadnt simply dealt with me.Fortunately, most of our audience was content to stare today, making them easy to ignore. There was a small line of thought on Adrians forehead as we sat down at a table. Maybe theyre voting to make you Lissas guardian after all.I was so astonished that I couldnt say anything for several seconds wh en the waitress abruptly appeared. I finally stammered out my order and then stared at Adrian with wide eyes.Seriously? The session had been an examination of my skills, after all. It made sense. Except No. The Council wouldnt go to the trouble of holding sessions for one guardian assignment. My hopes fell.Adrian gave a shrug of acknowledgment. True. But this isnt an ordinary guardian assignment. Lissas the last of her line. Everyoneincluding my aunthas a special interest in her. Giving her someone like you whos I gave him a grievous look as he grasped for a word. Controversial could upset some people.And thats why they actually wanted me there to describe what Ive done. To convince people in person that Im competent. Even as I spoke the oral communication, I still didnt dare believe them. It was too good to be true. I just cant count on it, seeing as I seem to be in so much trouble with the guardians.I dont know, he said. Its just a guess. Who knows? Maybe they do think the La s Vegas thing was just a harmless prank. There was a bitter tone in his voice over that. And I told you that Aunt Tatiana was glide path around to you. Maybe she wants you as Lissas guardian now but needs to make a public display to justify it.That was a startling thought. But if I do get to come with Lissa, what are you going to do? Get respectable and come to college too?I dont know, he said, green eyes thoughtful as he sipped his drink. Maybe I will.That was also unexpected, and my conversation with his mother returned to my mind. What if I was Lissas guardian in college and he was with us for the next quad years? I was fairly certain Daniella had thought wed be splitting up this summer. Id thought so too and was surprised to feel how relieved I was that I might get to stay with him. Dimitri always left my heart full of pain and longing, but I still wanted Adrian in my life.I grinned at him and rested my hand on his. Im not sure what Id do with you if you were respectable.He li fted my hand to his lips and kissed it. Ive got some suggestions, he told me. I didnt know if it was his words or the feel of his mouth on my skin that sent shivers through me. I was about to ask what those suggestions were when our interlude was interrupted by Hans.Hathaway, he said, one eyebrow arched as he stood over us. You and I have some very different intellections about the definition of punishment.He had a point. In my mind, punishment involved easy things like lashings and starvation. Not filing.Instead, I replied, You didnt tell me to come back after I saw the queen.He gave me an anger look. I also didnt tell you to go off on a playdate. Come on. Back to the vaults.But I have a BLT climaxYoull get your lunch break in another couple hours like the rest of us.I tried to repress my outrage. They hadnt been feeding me bread crusts and water during my work detail, but the food hadnt tasted much better. Just then, the waitress returned with our food. I grabbed the sandwich b efore she even set the plates down and wrapped it in a napkin. Can I take it to go?If you can eat it before we get back. His voice was skeptical, seeing as the vault was pretty close. Clearly, he was underestimating my ability to land food.In spite of Hanss disapproving expression, I gave Adrian a kiss goodbye and a look that told him maybe wed continue our conversation. He gave me a happy, knowing grin that I only saw for a second before Hans ordered me away. True to my expectations, I managed to get the sandwich down before we arrived back at the guardians building, though I did feel a little nauseous for the next half hour or so.My lunchtime was almost dinnertime for Lissa, out in the human world. Returning to my miserable punishment, I cheered up a little at the joy running through her via our bond. Shed spent the whole day on her campus tour of Lehigh, and it was everything shed hoped it could be. She lambd it all. She loved the beautiful buildings, the grounds, the dorms and especially the classes. A glimpse at the course catalog opened up a world of subjects that even St. Vladimirs superior education hadnt offered us. She wanted to see and do everything that the school had to offer.And even though she wished I was there, she was still excited about the fact that it was her birthday. Priscilla had given her some elaborate jewelry and had promised a fancy dinner that night. It wasnt exactly the type of celebration Lissa had hoped for, but the thrill of her eighteenth birthday was still intoxicatingespecially as she looked around at the dream school shed be attending soon.I confess, I felt a pang of jealousy. Despite Adrians theory about why the queen had called me in today, I knewas did Lissathat the odds of me going to college with her were still probably nonexistent. Some petty part of me couldnt understand how Lissa could therefore be excited about it if I wasnt going to be along. Childish of me, I know.I didnt have long to sulk, though, because once all the touring was done, Lissas entourage returned to the hotel. Priscilla told them they could clean up for an hour or so before heading to dinner. For Lissa, this meant more fighting-practice time. My brooding mood immediately turned irate.Things got worse when I realized that earlier in the day, Serena had told Grant about Lissa and Christians desire to defend themselves. He apparently thought that it was a good idea too. It would figure. Lissa had two progressive guardians. Why couldnt she have gotten some stodgy, old-school person who would be horrified at the thought of a Moroi even thinking about fighting off a Strigoi?So, while I sat helpless and unable to smack sense into any of them, Lissa and Christian now had two instructors. Not only did this mean more learning opportunities, it also meant Serena had a competent partner to demonstrate certain moves with. She and Grant sparred, explaining maneuvers while Lissa and Christian watched wide-eyed.Fortunately (well, not for Lissa), she and I soon noticed something. The guardians didnt know the true agent Lissa was interested in fighting. They had no ideahow could they have?that she wanted to go hunt and bet on a Strigoi in the feeble hope of bringing him back to life. They thought she just wanted to learn basic defense, something that seemed very sensible to them. So that was what they taught.Grant and Serena also made Lissa and Christian practice on distributively other. I suspected there were a couple reasons for this. One was that Lissa and Christian didnt have the skill to do much damage to each other. The second reason was that it amused the guardians.It did not amuse Lissa and Christian. There was still so much tension between them, both sexual and angry, that they resented being in such close contact. Grant and Serena stopped the two Moroi from doing any more fount punching, but simple dodges often meant brushing against each other, fingers sliding against skin in the modify of the action. Every once in a while, the guardians would have someone play Strigoiputting Lissa or Christian on the offensive. The two Moroi welcomed this to a certain consequence after all, direct attacks were what they wanted to learn.But, when Christian (playing Strigoi) lunged at Lissa and pushed her into a wall, learning offense suddenly didnt seem like such a good idea to her. The maneuver pressed them right up to each other, his arms holding hers. She could smell him and feel him and was overwhelmed by the fantasy of him just holding her there and snog her.I think you two should go back to basic defense, said Grant, interrupting her traitorous feelings. He sounded like he was more worried about them pain sensation each other than the possibility that they might start making out.It took Lissa and Christian a moment to even register his words, let alone part from each other. When they did, both avoided eye contact and returned to the couch. The guardians launched into more examples of how to avoid an attacker. Lissa and Christian had seen this so many times that they knew the lesson by heart, and their earlier attraction gave way to frustration.Lissa was too genteel to say anything, but after fifteen minutes of Serena and Grant showing how to block with your arms and dodge someone reaching for you, Christian finally spoke. How do you stake a Strigoi?Serena froze at Christians words. Did you say stake?Rather than being shocked, Grant chuckled. I dont think thats anything you need to worry about. You want to focus on getting away from a Strigoi, not getting closer.Lissa and Christian exchanged an uneasy look.I helped kill Strigoi before, Christian pointed out. I used fire at the schools attack. Are you saying thats not okay? That I shouldnt have done it?Now Serena and Grant traded glances. Ha, I thought. Those two werent as progressive as I thought. They were coming from a defense point of view, not offense.Of course you should have, said Grant at last. What you did was amazing. And in a similar situation? Sure. You wouldnt want to be helpless. But thats the pointyou have your fire. If it came down to you fighting a Strigoi, your magics going to be the way to go. You already know how to use itand itll keep you safely out of their range.What about me? asked Lissa. I dont have any figure of magic like that.Youll never get close enough to a Strigoi for it to be a problem, said Serena fiercely. We wont let you.Besides, added Grant with amusement, its not like we just go around handing out stakes. I would have given anything for them to go take a look in her suitcase right then.Lissa bit her lip and refused to make eye contact with Christian again, for fear of giving away their intentions. This was not going correspond to their crazy plan. Christian again took the lead.Can you at least demo it? he asked, exhaustingand succeedingto look like someone just seeking the sensational and exciting. Is it hard to do? It seems like all you have to do is ai m and hit.Grant snorted. Hardly. Theres a bit more to it than that.Lissa leaned forward, clasping her hands together as she followed Christians lead. Well, then dont worry about teaching us. Just show us.Yeah. Lets see. Christian shifted restlessly beside her. As he did, their arms brushed, and instantly they moved apart.Its not a game, Grant said. Nonetheless, he walked over to his coat and produced his stake. Serena stared incredulously.What are you going to do? she asked. Stake me?He gave that small chuckle of his and searched the room with his sharp eyes. Of course not. Ah. There we are. He walked over to a small armchair that had a decorative pillow. He lifted it up and tested its width. It was fat and thickly filled with some sort of dense stuffing. He returned to Lissa and gestured for her to stand. To everyones astonishment, he handed her his stake.Locking his body into a rigid position, he gripped the pillow hard between his hands and extended it out a couple feet in bm of him. Go ahead, he said. Aim and hit it.Are you crazy? asked Serena.Dont worry, he said. Princess Voda can afford the incidentals. Im proving a point. come to the pillow.Lissa hesitated only a few more moments. An excitement that seemed unusually intense filled her. I knew shed been anxious to learn this, but her desire for it seemed higher than before. Gritting her teeth, she stepped forward and awkwardly tried to impale the pillow with her stake. She was cautiousfearing shed hurt Grantbut there was no need for her to worry. She didnt even budge him, and all she managed with the stake was a slight snagging of the fabric on the surface. She tried a few more times but achieved little more.Christian, being who he was, said, Thats all you can do?Glaring, she handed him the stake. You do better.Christian stood, snarky smile disappearing as he studied the pillow critically and sized up his blow. As he did, Lissa glanced around and saw the humor in the guardians eyes. Even Serena had rel axed. They were making their point, proving staking wasnt an easy thing to learn. I was glad, and my opinion of them rose.Christian finally made his move. He did actually pierce the fabric, but the pillow and its stuffing proved too much to break through. And again, Grant wasnt shaken at all. After more failed attempts, Christian sat down again and handed the stake back. It was kind of fun to see Christians cocky attitude shot down a little. Even Lissa enjoyed it, despite her own frustration over how difficult this was becoming.The stuffings got too much resistance, Christian complained.Grant handed his stake to Serena. What, and you think a Strigois body is going to be easier to get through? With muscles and ribs in the way?Grant got back into his position, and without hesitation, Serena struck with the stake. Its point burst through the other side of the pillow, coming to a halt just in front of Grants chest as tiny fluffy pieces of stuffing drifted to the ground. She jerked it ou t and handed it to him like it had been the simplest thing in the world.Both Christian and Lissa stared in amazement. Let me try again, he said.By the time Priscilla called them to dinner, there wasnt a pillow in that hotel room left untouched. Boy, she was going to be surprised when she got the bill. Lissa and Christian hacked away with the stake while the guardians looked on with a superior air, confident their message was being delivered. Staking Strigoi was not easy.Lissa was finally getting it. She realized that in some ways, piercing a pillowor a Strigoiwasnt even about understanding the principle. Sure, shed heard me talk about lining your shot up to get to the heart and miss the ribs, but this was more than knowledge. A lot of it was strengthstrength she physically didnt have yet. Serena, though seemingly petite, had spent years building up her muscle and could get that stake through practically anything. One hour-long lesson wouldnt give Lissa that kind of strength, and she whispered as much to Christian when the throng went out to dinner.Youre quitting already? he asked, voice equally low as they rode in the backseat of an SUV. Grant, Serena, and a third guardian were there too, but they were deep in discussion.No Lissa hissed back. But Ive got to, like, train before I can do it.Like lift weights?I I dont know. The others were still talking to each other, but Lissas topic was too dangerous for her to risk them hearing. She leaned close to Christian, unnerved yet again at how his closeness and familiarity affected her. Swallowing, she tried to keep her face impassive and arrive to the topic. But Im just not strong enough. Its physically impossible.Sounds like youre giving up.Hey You didnt make it through any of the pillows either.He flushed slightly. I almost got through that green one.There was but anything in itI just need more practice.You dont need to do anything, she shot back, fighting to keep her voice serenity through her anger. This isnt your fight. Its mine.Hey, he snapped, eyes glittering like pale blue diamonds, youre crazy if you think Im going to just let you go and riskHe cut himself off and actually bit his lip, as though will alone wasnt enough to stop him from talking. Lissa stared at him, and both of us began wondering how he would have finished. What wouldnt he risk? Her putting herself in danger? That was my guess.Even without talk, he spoke volumes with his expression. Through Lissas eyes, I saw him drinking in her features and trying to hide his emotions. At last, he jerked away and broke that intimate space between them, getting as far from her as he could.Fine. Do whatever you want. I dont care.Neither of them spoke after that, and since it was lunchtime for me, I returned to my own reality and welcomed a filing breakonly to be informed by Hans that I had to keep working.Come on Isnt it lunchtime? You have to feed me, I exclaimed. Thats just beyond cruel. At least throw me some crumbs.I did feed you . Or, well, you fed yourself when you inhaled that sandwich. You wanted your lunch break then. You got it. Now you keep working.I slammed my fists against the endless piles of paper before me. Cant I at least do something else? Paint buildings? Haul rocks?Im afraid not. A smile distorted the corners of his lips. Theres a lot of filing we need done.How long? How long are you going to punish me?Hans shrugged. Until someone tells me to stop.He left me alone again, and I leaned back in my chair, forcibly trying not to flip the table in front of me over. I thought it would make me feel momentarily better, but it also meant Id have to redo the work Id done. With a sigh, I returned to my task.Lissa was at dinner when I tuned back into her later. It might have technically been in honor of her birthday, but really, it was all royal conversation with Priscilla. That was no way to spend a birthday, I decided. Id have to make this up to her whenever I earned freedom. Wed have a real party, and Id be able to give her my birthday present gorgeous lash boots that Adrian had helped me acquire back at school.Being in Christians head might have been more interesting, but since that wasnt an option, I returned to my own and mulled over my earlier talk with Adrian. Was this punishment finally going to end? Was an official royal decree going to put me and Lissa together at last, despite the guardians popular policy? exhausting to figure it out was like being on a hamster wheel. A lot of work. No progress. But it got me through the dinner conversation, and before I knew it, Lissas group was getting up and heading for the restaurants door. It was dark out now, and Lissa couldnt help but feel the weirdness of being on a human schedule. Back at school or the Court, this would be the middle of the day. Instead, they were now heading back to their hotel and would be going to bed. Well, probably not right away. I had no doubt that if Lissa and Christian could get over their current hu ff, theyd be back to stabbing more pillows. As much as I wanted those two dating again, I couldnt help but think they were a lot safer apart.Or maybe not.The group had hung out at the restaurant far past the normal dinner hour, so the lot was mostly empty as they walked across it. The guardians hadnt exactly parked in the back, but they werent near the main entrance either. They had, however, made a point of parking next to one of the street lamps illuminating the lot.Except it wasnt lit now. The light had been broken.Grant and Priscillas guardian noticed it right away. It was the kind of little detail we were trained to notice anything unusual, anything that might have changed. In a flash, the two of them had stakes out and were flanking the Moroi. It only took seconds for Serena and the guardian assigned to Christian to follow suit. That was something else we were trained to do. Be on guard. React. Follow your colleagues.They were fast. All of them were fast. But it didnt matter.B ecause suddenly, there were Strigoi everywhere.Im not entirely sure where they came from. Maybe theyd been behind the cars or on the parking lots edges. If Id had a bird-eyes view of the situation or been there myself with my nausea alarm, I might have had a better sense of it all. But I was watching the scene through Lissas eyes, and the guardians were going out of their way to block her from the Strigoi who seemed to have appeared out of thin air as far as she was concerned. about of the actions were a blur to her. Her bodyguards were shoving her around, trying to keep her safe as white, red-eyed faces popped up everywhere. She saw it all through a fear-filled haze.But before long, both of us could see people dying. Serena, just as fast and strong as shed been in the hotel room, staked a male Strigoi cleanly through the heart. Then, in return, a effeminate Strigoi leapt at Priscillas guardian and broke his neck. Lissa was distantly aware of Christians arm around her, pressing he r against the SUV and shielding her with his own body. The remaining guardians were also still forming a protective ring as best they could, but they were distracted. Their circle was falteringand they were dropping.One by one, the Strigoi killed the guardians. It wasnt for lack of skill on the guardians part. They were simply outnumbered. One Strigoi tore out Grants throat with her teeth. Serena was backhanded hard against the asphalt, landing facedown and not moving. And, horror of horrors, the Strigoi didnt seem to be sparing Moroi either. Lissapushing so hard against the SUV that it seemed as though she might become one with itstared wide-eyed as one Strigoi swiftly and efficiently ripped into Priscillas neck, pausing to drink her blood. The Moroi woman didnt even have time to register surprise, but at least there had been no real suffering. The endorphins dimmed the pain as the blood and life were drained from her body.Lissas emotions shifted into something beyond fear, somethi ng that hardly felt like anything at all. She was in shock. Numbed. And with a cold, hard certainty, she knew that her death was coming and accepted it. Her hand found Christians, squeezing it tightly, and turning toward him, she took small comfort in knowing the last sight she would see in life was the beautiful, crystalline blue of his eyes. From the look on his face, his thoughts were along similar themes. There was warmth in his eyes, warmth and love andTotal and complete astonishment.His eyes widened, focusing on something just behind Lissa. At that same moment, a hand grabbed Lissas shoulder and whipped her around. This is it, a small voice inside her whispered. This is where I die.Then, she understood Christians astonishment.She was facing Dimitri.Like me, she had that surreal sense of it being Dimitri yet not being Dimitri. So many of his features were the same and yet so many were different. She tried to say something, anything, but while the words formed on her lips, she j ust couldnt manage to get them out.Intense heat suddenly flared behind her, and a brilliant light lit Dimitris pale features. Neither Lissa nor I needed to see Christian to know he had produced a eggs of fire with his magic. Either the shock of seeing Dimitri or fear for Lissa had spurred Christian into action. Dimitri squinted slightly at the light, but then a cruel smile twisted his lips, and the hand resting on her shoulder slid up to her neck.Put it out, said Dimitri. Put it out or she dies.Lissa finally found her voice, even with her air cut off. Dont get wind to him, she gasped out. Hes going to kill us anyway.But behind her, the heat died. Shadows fell across Dimitris face once again. Christian wouldnt risk her, even though she was right. It hardly seemed to matter.Actually, said Dimitri, voice pleasant amid the grim scene, Id rather you two stay alive. At least for a little while longer.I felt Lissas face move to a frown. I wouldnt have been surprised if Christians did too , judging from the confusion in his voice. He couldnt even manage a snarky comment. He could only ask the obvious Why?Dimitris eyes gleamed. Because I need you to be bait for Rose.

The Effects Gatorade Has on the Body

When straining your organic structure through physical activity, Gatorade keeps your body hydrated, keeps the electrolytes balanced, and replenishes carbohydrates. However, Gatorade has several negative effects as well, which can be extremely cyanogenetic to the body. This very popular drink has both positive and negative effects that the consumer should be aw ar of. Proper hydration is a key scenery of keeping the body functioning at maximum efficiency. As the human body is composed mainly of water, one can imagine how necessary it is to substantiate a proper balance of liquids.According to Dr. Katie Johnson, MD, 75% of Americans are chronically dehydrated. This means that Americans are not overwhelming enough fluids and their bodies could suffer long term effects, much(prenominal) as kidney failure or worse, coma. When preforming strenuous activities, fluids are rapidly lost through sweat and other bodily processes which can lead to dehydration. Gatorade was designed to pron to rehydrate the human body during these situations. The proper amount of electrolytes in the body keep it chemically balanced.Many normal bodily functions are dependent on electrolytes. According to www. dictionary. com electrolytes are any of certain inorganic compounds, mainly sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, and bicarbonate, that dissociate in biological fluids into ions capable of conducting electrical currents and constituting a major force in controlling fluid balance within the body. Whenever a person perspires, electrolytes escape from the body. If too much is lost, the body cant function optimally.Gatorade is formulated to carefully provide the kindred electrolytes to keep the body hydrated, balanced, and working properly. The positive effects of Gatorade are clear, but what most do not know is that Gatorade can have just as many negative effects. Gatorade was designed with the athletes body in mind, but as any company knows, when the target market expands , the profits expand. With its multi-colored, variously flavored drink line, Gatorade appeals to more than just the athletic demographic.The sedentary lifestyle of many Americans is not compatible with the intended design of the drink, which can be harmful. The body is bear upon negatively when a person habitually ingests Gatorade without burning off the excess compounds. The result of this build-up can be fatal as the compounds may reach toxic levels. The amount of starting line in Gatorade has Public Health advocates pushing to ban it in school systems as there is as much as two-thirds the sugar of sodas, and more than three times the amount of sodium.In one 32oz bottle of Gatorade there are 56 grams of sugar and 440mg of sodium. There should be a clear judicial separation between healthy alternative and junk food, but with Gatorade that line is more blurry than one would think. For the person with the active lifestyle Gatorade is an ideal drink. It replenishes the body and ke eps the consumer healthy. If someone drinks Gatorade without working out it can be extremely dangerous and even potentially fatal. Gatorade was made with the athlete in mind, so remember this when consuming it.

Art and Human Life

You could define imposture as vision or as intuition, as Benedetto Croce does in his essay What is trick? By this definition, the works of someone with a beautiful vision would be beautiful, and art would be an external manifestation of an inner(a) state. The importance of art is tie in to the nature of our human built environment, and whether we create it to be a comfort or a torment. To understand the place of art and beauty in present-day(a) stopping point, you need to turn to history. You could define art as vision or as intuition, as Benedetto Croce does in his essay What is Art? By this definition, the works of someone with a beautiful vision would be beautiful, and art would be an external manifestation of an internal state. The importance of art is related to the nature of our human built environment, and whether we create it to be a comfort or a torment. To understand the place of art and beauty in contemporary culture, you need to turn to history. Read more Why Is Ar t Important in Life? eHow. com http//www. ehow. com/about_6134201_art-important-life_. htmlixzz1MlGvu7yA Philosophy Art, like humor, can sometimes by deadened when dissected too thoroughly.Writers as accomplished and diverse as Leo Tolstoy in What is Art and Susan Sontag in The New Art, A Critical Anthology gather in pondered the meaning and function of art, yet it remains a nebulous term. Perhaps Picasso, in an interview with Marius de Zayas in 1923, best captured the elusive nature of art when he wrote that art is a lie that makes us realize truth. Challenges The great art historian Ananda Coomaraswamy, in his book, The Transformation of Nature in Art, wrote that museums are the places were weve put the things that weve disregarded how to use. While museums have allowed millions to see the great works of art from throughout history, they also pose the threat of separating art from everyday life. William Morris believed that this separation was one of the causes of contemporar y alienation, and that art should not be locked away in special buildings, but should be an integral part of societys daily life. When beauty and care are implicit in(p) in everything that is done, art in fact ceases to exist as a separate entity, and becomes an aspect of everything that we do.Future. The future of art remains uncertain. According to Morris, speaking of his perplexity for medieval craftsmen who wed artistic vision with a mastery of handcraft, the reunion of the two could overcome the dichotomy between art and life, and lead to a culture re-infused with a sense of beauty, wonder, and singularity. A reunion of what we now know as fine art with the greater population of the world would, as Morris put it in his essay The Revival of Handicraft, lead to the unwearying pleasure of tasting the fullness of life. Read more Why Is Art Important in Life? eHow.com http//www.ehow.com/about_6134201_art-important-life_.htmlixzz1MlHaEcDs

Direct Order Strategy

Methods of Development Writing R turn outine, Good-News, and Good allow for Messages some crinkle communications piece of tail be prep ard by following one of three patterns or methods of development Direct Order, In civilise Order, or persuasive Order. This lecture allow discuss the direct order that is used for to the highest degree minute, effective- crudes and goodwill centres. Learning Objectives ? To earn methods of development for composition deed business messages. ? To recognize structure of presenting routine messages. ? To identify situations which dominate the routine method of development. Lecture Outline Planning Your MessageBasic Components of the Direct Message Strategy Examples of Routine Messages Routine Request main Idea Details neighboring Placing Orders Requesting Action and Information Making Claims and Requesting Adjustments Requesting References or Recommendations Routine Announcements, Replies and verificatory Messages Issuing Informative Messa ges Requesting Information and Action Claims and Adjustments Recommendations and References Announcements Goodwill Conclusion Planning Your Message close to business communications can be prepared by following one of three patterns or methods of development Direct Order, Indirect Order, or Persuasive Order.When planning your message, you should analyze your auditory sense and choose an organizational approach that will effectively communicate your main humor. Analyze the audience remove yourself these important questions ? Who is the audience? ? What are their needs? ? What cultural differences exist? ? What do I indigence them to do? ? What tools will stand by persuade the audience? ? Would emotional or luculent appeals be best? You should consider your audiences demographics age, gender, occupation, income, education, and separate quantifiable characteristics.Also consider your audiences psychographics the psycho rational characteristics of a individual such as face-to-f aceity, attitudes, and lifestyle. Satisfying audience needs is the most effective way to motivate your audience. Because needs differ, people respond to messages differently Choose an organizational approach ? employment the direct approach when Audience is objective Audience prefers to hear the bottom line first Message is long or complex Corporate socialization advertises directness ? Use the indirect approach when Audience is negative Audience wont object to indirect approach -Message is short and clear travel by Basic Components of the Direct Message Strategy Main idea Because you will use the diamond arrangement, the opening paragraph should be short. It should express the main idea as a positive message with the single most important idea, concisely stated. It should be a clear idea of the focus of the earn or memo. This is what the proof commentator wants to know and what you want the reader to know. In a memo or e-mail, you expand the subject line into a topic sentence . Remember, getting recompense to the orchestrate does not mean being abrupt or tactless.Its important to use cordial statements such as please or I would appreciate. Details Middle paragraphs will be longer because they contain all(prenominal)(prenominal) the necessary noesis, questions, justification or explanation. This should satisfy the readers informational needs. Give all details necessary to support the main idea in your opening paragraph. Make sure this separate is clear, complete and concise. Revise to eliminate repetition or wordiness. Positive close The gag law paragraph will be a short paragraph. It could summarize the main point, indicate what should happen next, and/or highlight reader benefit.It should incur a positive tone and may include a call to treat when you need the reader to respond with additional action. Make accordance easy such as including information roughly how you can be reached or how the reader is to respond. Why is the direct method of development appropriate for most business messages? Most business messages (more than 80%) are routine entreats for information or action. They should be organized directly unless they involve sensitive issues. The everyday transactions of a business will be directed at an audience whose reaction will be positive or neutral. What are some examples of routine messages? Requesting information or action ? Placing orders ? Making straightforward reads See checklist p. 265 ? Complying with passs ? Granting claims and making adjustments ? Writing letters of recommendation See checklist p. 275-276 ? Goodwill messages See checklist pp. 280-281 Looking at the checklists, you will notice that all of these routine messages follow the basic direct order strategy main idea, details, positive close. The content will vary depending on your purpose barely because they are still routine messages to a positive or neutral audience, the direct approach is the easiest and fastest method of developm ent.Lets explore at several examples. go by Examples of Routine Messages Routine Request Whenever you ask for something, you are making a entreat. A request is routine if its ploughshare of the normal course of business and you anticipate that your audience will want to comply. Like all routine messages, routine requests may be thought of as having three weakens an opening, a body, and a close. Using the direct approach, you place your main idea (a clear statement of the request) in the opening. You use the middle to exhibit details and justify your request.Then you close by requesting specific action and concluding cordially. As you prepare your routine requests, keep in mind that despite their unreserved organization, they can still cause ill will through ambiguous wording or a discourteous tone. In fact, even the briefest note can create confusion and hard feelings. As with any business message, keep your purpose in mind. Ask yourself what you want readers to do or to unde rstand as a result of reading your message. pic Begin routine requests by placing your request firstup front is where it stands out and gets the most forethought.Of course, getting right to the point should not be interpreted as a license to be abrupt or tactless Be specific. State precisely what you want. Pay attention to tone. Even though you expect a favorable response, the tone of your initial request is important. Instead of demanding action (Send me your catalog no. 33A), soften your request with words such as please and I would appreciate. Assume your audience will comply. An impatient demand for rapid service isnt necessary. Generally, assume that your audience will comply with your request once the reason for it is clearly understood.Avoid beginning with personal introductions. Dont be tempted to begin your request with a personal introduction such as I am the senior corporate writer in the corporate relations department of ABC Company, and I am looking for information tha t . . . Punctuate questions and polite requests differently. A polite request in question form requires no question mark (Would you please help us determine whether Kate Kingsley is a suitable applicant for this position. ) A direct question within your message does require a question mark (Did Kate Kingsley evince an ability to work smoothly with clients? ) Top pic Use the middle section of your message to explain your initial request. Make the explanation a smooth and logical outgrowth of your opening remarks. You can use the middle section of your routine request to list a series of questions. Just keep a few basics in mind Ask the most important questions first. If be is your main concern, you might begin with a question such as What is the cost for transportation system the deal by air versus truck? Then you may want to ask more specific but related questions about, say, the cost of shipping partial orders.Ask only relevant questions. So that your request can be handled q uickly, ask only questions central to your main request. If your questions require simple yes-or-no answers, you might let readers with a form or with boxes to check. If you need more elaborate answers, pose open-ended questions. How fast can you ship the merchandise? is more likely to excite the information you want than Can you ship the merchandise? Deal with only one topic per question. If you have an unusual or complex request, list the request and provide supporting details in a separate, short paragraph.Try using paragraph headings to make your readers job easier. Top pic Use the closing to request a specific action and to ask that readers respond by a specific and appropriate time (Please send the figures by April 5 so that I can return first quarter results to you before the May 20 conference). Help your reader respond easily by including your phone number, office hours, and other contact information. Conclude your message by expressing your goodwill and appreciation, bu t dont thank the reader in locomote for cooperating. If the readers reply warrants a word of thanks, send it after youve received the reply.The various types of routine requests are innumerable, from inquire favors to requesting credit. However, many of the routine messages that youll be writing will likely fall into major categories placing orders, requesting information and action, making claims and requesting adjustments, and requesting recommendations and references. Top Placing Orders Messages placing orders are considered some of the simplest types of routine messages. When placing an order, you need not excite your readers relate just state your needs clearly and directly.Most orders refer to a product that the reader knows about, so these messages are usually processed without objection. Most companies today are moving toward paperless ordering by using computer-generated order forms. Still, if you need to draft an order letter, follow the same format as you would on an o rder blank. Main Idea Open with the general request. Details In the middle, include specific information about the items you want. Present this information in column form, double-space amongst the items, and total the price at the end.Positive Close In the close, be sure to specify the delivery address, since it may differ from the billing address. Also indicate how the merchandise is to be shipped by air or ground, by a specific delivery services, and so on. Otherwise, the seller chooses the mode of transportation. Finally, in any letter including a payment, mention the amount enclosed, explain how the amount was calculated, and if necessary, explain to what account the amount should be charged. Top Requesting Action and Information When you need to know about something, to kick upstairs an opinion from someone, or to apprise a simple action, you usually need only ask.If your reader can do what you want, such a straightforward request gets the job done with a minimum of fuss. In more complex situations, readers might be unwilling to respond unless they understand how the request benefits them, so be sure to include this information in your explanation. Internal Requests to fellow employees are often oral and rather casual. However, as long as you subjugate writing frequent, long, or unneeded messages, sending a clear, thoughtfully written memo or e-mail message can save time and questions by part readers understand precisely what you want.External Business writers often ask businesses, customers, or others outside their organization to provide information or to take some simple action attend a meeting, return an information card, endorse a document, confirm an address, or supplement information on an order. Such requests are often in letter form, although some are sent via e-mail. These messages are usually short and simple. In more complex situations, readers might be unwilling to respond unless they understand how the request benefits them, so be sure to include benefit information in your explanation. Top Making Claims and Requesting AdjustmentsWhen youre dissatisfied with a companys product or service, you make a claim (a formal complaint) or request an adjustment (a claim settlement). Although a phone call or cut may solve the problem, a written claim letter is better because it documents your dissatisfaction. Moreover, even though your first reaction to a clumsy mistake or a defective product is likely to be anger or frustration, the person reading your letter probably had nothing to do with the problem. So a courteous, clear, concise explanation will impress your reader much more favorably than an abusive, angry letter.In most cases, and especially in your first letter, assume that a fair adjustment will be made, and follow the plan for direct requests. Begin with a straightforward statement of the problem. In the middle section, give a complete, specific explanation of the details. Provide any information an adjuster would need to verify your complaint about faulty merchandise or unsatisfactory service. In your closing, politely request specific action or convey a sincere desire to find a solution. And dont forget to suggest that the business relationship will continue if the problem is solved satisfactorily. Top Requesting References or RecommendationsIf youre applying for a job and your potential employer asks for references, you may want to ask a personal or professional associate to write a letter of recommendation. Or, if youre an employer considering whether to hire an applicant, you may want to write directly to the person the applicant constructd as a reference. Because requests for recommendations and references are routine, assume your reader will honor your request and organize your inquiry using the direct approach. Begin your message by clearly stating that youre applying for a position and that you want your reader to write a letter of recommendation.If you havent had contact with the person for some time, use the opening to yield the nature of the relationship you had, the dates of association, and any special events that might bring a clear, favorable picture of you to mind. If youre applying for a job, a scholarship, or the like, include a assume of your resume to give the reader an idea of the direction your life has taken. If you dont have a resume, use the middle of your letter to include any information about yourself that the reader might use to support a recommendation, such as a description of related jobs youve held.Close your letter with an expression of appreciation and the full name and address of the person to whom the letter should be sent. When asking for an immediate recommendation, you should also mention the deadline. Youll make a response more likely if you enclose a stamped, preaddressed envelope. Top Routine Announcements, Replies and Positive Messages Like requests, routine announcements, replies, and positive messages have an opening, a body, and a close. Readers receiving these messages will generally be interested in what you have to say, so youll usually use the direct approach.Place your main idea (the positive reply or the good tidings) in the opening. Use the middle to explain all the relevant details, and close cordially, perhaps highlighting a benefit to your reader. Innumerable types of routine announcements, replies and positive messages are used in business every day. Most of these messages fall into six main categories issuing informative messages, granting requests for information and action, granting claims and requests for adjustments, providing recommendations and references, announcing good news, and sending goodwill messages.Top picIssuing Informative Messages picRequesting Information and Action All companies send routine informative messages such as reminder notices and policy statements. When writing informative messages, use the beginning of the message to state the purpose (to inform) and briefly mention the nature of the information you are providing use the body to provide the necessary details and end with a courtesy close. Most informative communications are neutral. That is, they drive neither a positive or negative response from readers.Some informative messages, however, require additional care. Policy statements or procedural changes, for instance, may be good news for the company and employees (the company can save money which will provide additional resources and even raises for employees) but such benefits may not be obvious to employees. In instances where the reader may not initially view the information positively, use the body of the message to highlight the benefits from the readers perspective. Top If your answer to a request is yes or is straightforward information, the direct plan is appropriate.Your prompt, gracious, and thorough response will positively influence how people think about your company, its products, your department, and you. When y oure answering requests and a potential sale is involved, you have three main goals (1) to respond to the inquiry and answer all questions, (2) to leave your reader with a good impression of you and your firm, and (3) to encourage the future sale. Top picClaims and Adjustments When your company is at fault and your response is positive, you must protect your companys image and try to regain the customers goodwill by referring to company errors carefully.Explain your companys efforts to do a good job, implying that the error was an unusual incident. When your customer is at fault, you can (1) refuse the claim and attempt to justify your refusal or (2) simply do what the customer asks. If you refuse the claim, you may lose your customeras well as many of the customers friends, who will hear only one side of the dispute. Weigh the cost of the adjustment against the cost of losing future business from one or more customers. When a leash party is at fault, you have three options Simply honor the claim.You can satisfy your customer with the standard good-news letter and no additional explanation. Honor the claim, but explain youre not at fault. This option corrects any impression that the damage was caused by your negligence. You can still write the standard good-news letter, but essay the explanation. Refer the claimant to the third party. When you suggest filing a claim with the firm that caused the defect or damage, you fail to satisfy the claimants needs. The exception is when youre trying to disjoin yourself from any legal responsibility for the damaged merchandise.In such a case, write a bad-news message. Top picRecommendations and References When writing a letter of recommendation or reference, you want to convince readers that the person being recommended has the characteristics necessary for the job or benefit being sought. Your letter must contain all the relevant details. Your audience will have trouble believing uninterrupted praise for someones tal ents and accomplishments. So illustrate your general points with a specific example or two that point out the candidates abilities.You have an obligation to refer to any shortcoming that is dangerous and related to job performance. If you must refer to a shortcoming, you can best protect yourself by sticking to the facts, avoiding value judgments, and placing your criticism in the context of a generally favorable recommendation You can also avoid trouble by asking yourself the following questions before mailing a recommendation letter Does the person receiving this personal information have a legitimate right to it? Does all the information Ive presented relate directly to the job/benefit being sought? Have I put the candidates case as strongly and as honestly as I can? Have I avoided overstating the candidates abilities or otherwise misleading the reader? Have I based my statements on firsthand knowledge and provable facts? Top picAnnouncements To develop and maintain good rel ationships, companies recognize that its good business to spread the word about positive developments, whether the company is opening new facilities, appointing a new executive, introducing new products or services, or sponsoring community events.Writing a letter to the successful job applicant is a pleasure. Such a letter is eagerly awaited, so the direct approach is appropriate. A company announcing a new discount program to customers would begin the letter by trumpeting the news. The middle section would fill in the details of the discount program, and the close would include a bit of resale information and a confident prediction of a profitable business relationship. However, when the audience for a good-news message is large and scattered, companies often communicate through the mass media.The specialized documents used to convey such information to the media are called news releases. Top picGoodwill You can enhance your relationships with customers, colleagues, and other busin esspeople by sending friendly, unexpected notes with no direct business purpose. To come across as sincere, avoid exaggeration and back up any compliments with specific points. One prime opportunity for sending goodwill messages is to congratulate someone for a important business achievementperhaps for being promoted or for attaining an important civic position.Other reasons for sending congratulations include the highlights in peoples personal lives. It is important to recognize the contributions of employees, colleagues, suppliers, and other associates. Your praise does more than just make the person feel good it encourages further excellence. Moreover, a message of appreciation may become an important part of someones personnel file. So when you write a message of appreciation, try to specifically mention the person or people you want to praise. In times of serious trouble and deep sadness, written condolences and expressions of sympathy leave their mark.Begin condolences with a brief statement of sympathy, such as I was deeply sorry to hear of your loss. In the middle, mention the good qualities or the positive contributions made by the deceased. State what the person or business meant to you. In closing, you can offer your condolences and your best wishes. Top Conclusion You should write positive or neutral messages using the direct order method of development. By introducing the main idea in the first paragraph, the reader immediately understands the purpose.The body of the message should provide all the details the reader will need to understand or respond. The closing will be a positive statement, a call to action, or a statement of good will and will keep the reader well disposed to you and your company. pic Sources Bovee, Courtland L and bum V. Thill. Business Communication Today. 6th edition. New Jersey Prentice Hall, 2000. Guffey, Mary Ellen. Business Communication Process and Product. 4th edition. ThomsonSouth-Western, 2003. Main Idea Details Positive Close

Lord of the Flies Compare and Contrast

Lord of the flies a book by William Golding. Its about a group of boys who crashed landed and got deserted on an island way slay their planned route, with no shelter, food or water. They must do whatever they passel to survive. There are twists and turns but in the end it comes d avouch to a very big life motive and a moral. In the beginning of the taradiddle, the boys were all separated from each other. Piggy picked up a shell typed object, and told Ralph to bluster in it. This part of the story showed that Ralph can come up with ideas and knows his geological facts.Ralph decided to blow in it, which made all the boys come to one place. This showed that neanderthals idea was great but when the boys gathered around Ralph and Piggy, they thought it was Ralphs idea which gave him a bit of an edge towards leadership. They were all deciding on a leader to take front of this survival issue. Jack and Ralph were the oldest so they went into debate. Ralph is a little bit more muscular a nd straight backed then(prenominal) jack was. On the other hand jack was a skinny, longed faced character and didnt show much appreciation for the debate.One other involvement that Ralph was doing that he was standing on a rock at the time, while jack was sort of with the group just standing on a side. This already gave Ralph the advantage on who looks more presentable and responsible of becoming a leader. Another fact is that Ralphs father is a commander which gave him even more reasons to last the leader of the group. For now jack really doesnt care but later on things get physical. As we go on in the story it came to a point where jack was getting frustrated with Ralphs rules and how things should run. One of their biggest fights were about if fire was more important than food.While jack wanted to regulate a way to kill a pig, Ralph wanted find a way to start fire. This part of the story shows a divide happening between them. This is sort of like our world, the two different types of government, communism and democracy. They have a divide between them about what you can do and cannot. After jack makes his own group with his set of rules and promised there will be food. An example I can give for this is the elections we have. There are different groups and leaders debating on who can offer what to the city and what benefits you will get a behalf of you a citizen.

Religion and the Meaning of Life Essay

According to Frederich Nietzche, A man who has a why to live can bear any how. To me this statement provides massive penetration into the human experience all wad need a purpose in livelihood. As existence we need a constructive outlet through which we can invest our thoughts, emotions, efforts and energies. We need something to thrive for and assay toward. Religion, for many people provides this outlet in life in a most positive manner.It allows people to find themselves by losing themselves foremost. Religion encourages service to others, selflessness, forgiveness and ascetic values that allow people to locomote soulfulnessal prejudices and mental barriers that ar roadblocks on the path toward self awareness and grounds. Religion teaches that human beings are direct creations of God. Due to this, the phantasmal person places immense gravity into the definition of what it means to be human.To the spiritual person human life is sacred therefore all human beings are treated as if they are sacred entities. Dignity is vital to this experience and the religious person lives a decent life based largely on the fact that they find it a grave injustice to engage in dehumanizing acts. A dehumanizing act is any action that undermines the value of what it means to be human, and because human life to the religious person is sacred treating other people and oneself with respect is part of the job description.Religious people excessively are heavily focused on remaining loyal to traditions and place heavy emphasis on the concept of togetherness through ceremonies, rituals and even celebrations. Religious people congregate and come together in a forum of mutual understanding of one anothers beliefs and values, and respect for the characteristics that make individuals unique. This is how religious institutions pitch survived throughout the ages. People of all sorts come together based on a mutual understanding of the same truths.The idea of coming together forms a family-like atmosphere that strengthens dynamics within individual households and strengthens social bonds among all people whom the religious person encounters. The religious person lives a life of kindness, simplicity and self-respect highlighted by unity, loyalty and fairness. These concepts are vital to becoming a well integrated person which is the chance upon component to finding ones purpose and meaning in life.Once a person gains a sense of purpose, the other aspects of their lives fall into place based around what that person chooses to life for. When a person lives for their faith, their lives are based around morals that encourage reverence for all human beings and a genuine perceptive of righteousness. This is why religious people not only have a secure sense of self, but also have unshakable character based in a unfaltering affection for mankind.

Consumer Market Profile Worksheet

Demographic market verbal description quarter the demographic details of your target market. The following items include general descriptive categories you might delineate for your customers. Skip items which are not applicable and add items that are. Age range Income range sex military control Marital Status Family size Ethnic Group Level of Education Home ownership otherwise 2. Geographic market description Area served (city, region, nation, etc. ) Density (urban, rural, suburban, etc. ) Location (mall, strip center, commerce district, etc. Climate conditions 3. Lifestyle description What kind of people need or want your increase or service? Your natural instincts and experience with customers should give you some sense of what your customers are interested in. A little research can help you identify other aspects of your target markets lifestyle. 3-1 . Cryptographic description Describe your target market in terms of selections made from the following terms rele vant to your business. Technically headliner Status seeking Trend-setting Conservative Socially responsible Environmentally conscious Smart shopper Family-oriented Fun-seeking

Behavioural Studies

Self-Presentation, too cognize as Impression Management (IM) is primarily a goal-directed conscious or unconscious mind attempt to influence the perceptions of another(prenominal) tidy sum around a person, object or event by regulating and restrainling information in accessible interaction. If a person tries to influence the perception of his image, this act is c entirelyed self- stageation. With regard to the self-monitoring, it is the extent to which people monitor and control their communicatory mien and self-presentation.High self-monitors exert more(prenominal) communicatory control everyplace their social behavior and tend to adapt their appearance and acts to specific circumstances. The situation is contrastive with funky self-monitors, who display less motivation towards improving their self-presentation. They act more naturally and are to the lowest degree bo at that placed about their national image. This essay has been designed to establish a relationsh ip between the self-presentation and self-monitoring. In the beginning both the concepts allow for be explained followed by an analysis of the relationship between them.What is Self-Presentation Self-presentation, also known as impression management is the process by which people attempt to manage or control the perception others form of them. There is often a tendency for people to try to present themselves so as to impress others in a socially desir fitting way. The scheme of impression management states that every individual or organization must establish and maintain impressions that are congruent with the perceptions they want to have to their publics.The impression management theory describes the methods through which people take actions to a create a public perception, in order to achieve their personal or organizational goals (Impression Management 2006, pars. 1-5). As with other cognitive processes, impression management has many possible conceptual dimensions (Dunegan 1 993, pp. 491) and has been researched in relation to aggression, attitude change, attributions, social facilitation, and leadership.It is basically an intentional or un-intentional goal-directed approach to influence the perceptions of other people about a person, object or event by regulating and controlling information in social interaction. In short, we can say that if a person tries to influence the perception of his/her image, the activity is called self-presentation. What is Self-Monitoring In any scenario, people are generally motivated to behave bewitchly and in a manner which is appealing to others.The theory of self-monitoring explains the extent to which people value, create, cultivate, and project social images and public appearance (Gangestad & Snyder, 2000, p. 531). The level of control which the people yield is several(predicate) from a person to person. Some people may not care untold about the perception others make of them. They say what they believe. These peo ple are included in the category of low self-monitors. On the other hand, elevated school self-monitors, are uniformly to avoid talking about themselves as they really are, and handling pretense and deception in their lathers to play to the crowd (Buss and Brigg 1984, p.1310). In general, self-monitoring involves three major tendencies The resultingness to be the centralise of attention a tendency to behave in approaching, extraverted ways. Sensitivity to the reactions of others. Ability and willingness to fructify behavior to induce positive reactions in others. High and Low Self-Monitors As states earlier, some people are more sensitive to the image they form when in public. Such people are very self-conscious and ilk to look good and will hence usually adapt well to differing social situations. These people are called the superior self-monitors.The high self-monitors would observe people and note their response to different behaviors of other people. On the other h and, there are people are less concerned about what others think about them. They are termed as low self-monitors. Low self-monitors do not make any effort to exercise control over their expressive behavior. High and low self-monitors possess different qualities. They regulate their behaviour in public in different ways. High self-monitors would generally adjust their social behaviours check to situational cues, whereas low self-monitors regulate their social behaviours according to their dispositions.Low self-monitors usually conform their behavior to their internal beliefs. Another major difference between high and low self-monitors is that the low self-monitors would tell ap finesse friends based upon their liking whereas, the selection criteria for friends is different in high self-monitors. The high self-monitors choose friends as activity partners for their leisure time based on the friends skill in the specific activity. Moreover, high self-monitors will be more concerned a bout the partners physical appearance than the temper (Snyder, Berscheid, & Glick, 1985).Relationship Between Self-Presentation and Self-Monitoring Self-presentation and self-monitoring are inter-related terms. In simple words, self-presentation is the way one presents himself/herself and self-monitoring is the level of control exerted during the process of self-presentation. Accordingly, high and low self-monitors will have different degree of self-presentation. High self-monitors are more adoptable and would adjust their behaviors across situations because they are more sensitive to the expectation of others.Their style of self-presentation would generally be more appropriate and suiting to every scenario they confront (Snyder, 1974, p. 527). They would always ask themselves as to what does this situation want them to be (Snyder, 1987, p. 32). They will constantly observe before exposing themselves. They will not express their emotions unless they are sure of their appropriatenes s. The high self-monitors will exhibit relatively low behavioral consistency across situations. They would tend to make a different image or face which is superficial, but will be corresponding to the situation.On the other hand, low self-monitors would present themselves as natural as they are and will seldom make any conscious effort to conceal their inner sentiments. Their behavior will usually be consistent across situations. The low self-monitors expressive self-presentation will be articulated by their inner attitudes, dispositions, and values. Low self-monitors are not concerned about the appropriateness of their self-presentation (Snyder, 1974. p. 527). Another important aspect of the relationship between self-presentation and low self-monitors is that they are often depict as individuals who lack self-presentation concerns.They will not make much effort in adjusting their behaviour in accordance with situational demands. Their self-presentation will be natural and least co ncerned with the expectations of others. On the contrary, high self-monitors would make all concerted efforts in controlling their behavioural patterns which are conflicting with the situations. They are the ones whose self-presenting will be much applauded and their personalities will usually be graded as sober and acceptable. In one taste, Snyder (1974) found that sea captain stage actors scored higher than non-actors on measures of self-monitoring.Professional actors genuinely possess acting ability and control over their emotions, expression, and behaviour. They were able to adapt to changing situations adequately. Their self-presentation was therefore much more stable and suiting the environment. In another experiment on ordinary college students, high self-monitors were found to be better than the low self-monitors in expressing different emotions like anger, happiness, sadness, surprise, disgust, fear, and guilt. High self-monitors can even adapt to sudden changing moods.Wh en high self-monitors were asked to act like an extraverted, friendly, and outgoing person and then suddenly to act like an introverted, withdrawn, and reserved person, high self-monitors adopted each component part better than low self-monitors did (Lippa, 1976). Conclusion Self-presentation is how we tend to present ourselves. It is how we want people to look at us. The art of exercising control over our emotions, behaviour, and moods is basically the self-monitoring. Self-monitoring refers to a persons ability to adjust his or her behaviour to orthogonal situational factors.Individuals high in self-monitoring show considerable adaptability in their behaviour. They can behave differently in alter situations. They are found to be much capable of presenting striking contradictions between the public persona and the cliquish self. On the other hand, it becomes difficult for low self-monitors to disguise themselves this way (Self-Monitoring Scale, 2006). In nut shell, high self-mo nitors are more concerned about self-presentation than the low self-monitors. Bibliography Buss, A. H. , & Briggs, S. R. (1984). Drama and the self in social interaction.Journal of Personality and sociable Psychology, 47, 1310-1324. Dunegan, K. J. (1993, June). Framing Cognitive Modes, and Image Theory. Journal of Applied Psychology, pp. 491. Gangestad, S. W. , & M. Snyder (2000). Self-monitoring Appraisal and Reappraisal. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 530-555. Impression Management, (2006). Wikipedia, viewed 30 lordly 2006, http//www. answers. com/self-presentation Lippa, R. (1976). Expressive control, expressive consistency, and the correspondence between expressive behavior and personality. Journal of Personality, 44, 541-559.Self-Monitoring Scale. (2006). Viewed 30 August 2006, http//pubpages. unh. edu/ckb/SELFMON2. hypertext markup language Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30, 434-461. Snyder, M. (1987). P ublic appearances/private realities The psychology of self-monitoring. New York, Freeman. Snyder, M. , Berscheid, E. , & Glick, P. (1985). Focusing on the exterior and the interior Two investigations of the initiation of personal relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48 , 1427-1439.